Evaluasi kinerja simpang APILL dan estimasi konsumsi bahan bakar pada Simpang Empat Tungkak

As a vital signalized junction in Yogyakarta, the Tungkak four-way intersection frequently suffers from severe traffic congestion, causing substantial vehicular delays, long queues, and elevated fuel wastage. This research evaluates the current operational efficiency of the intersection, proposes potential mitigation strategies, and quantifies the economic losses associated with fuel consumption during traffic idleness. Methodologically, the 2023 Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidelines (PKJI) and PTV VISSIM microscopic simulation were utilized for traffic analysis, while the LAPI-ITB and Lamsal (ATIS-India) models were applied to calculate fuel loss. The baseline results reveal that the intersection functions at Level of Service (LOS) F, exhibiting average delays of 314.60 and 136.98 seconds per vehicle via PKJI and VISSIM, respectively. To address this, three optimization scenarios were tested. The simulation demonstrates that Alternative 3 yields the most substantial improvement, lowering delays to 188.14 seconds per vehicle (PKJI) and 75.23 seconds per vehicle (VISSIM). Additionally, this scenario minimizes fuel expenses most effectively, dropping LAPI-ITB estimated costs from IDR 3.42 million to IDR 2.34 million. Consequently, Alternative 3 is highly recommended to alleviate congestion and enhance fuel economy at this junction.