Analisis pengaruh variasi kecepatan kapal tongkang terhadap ketahanan fondasi bored pile jembatan

Foundations are fundamental components of bridge structures, as they transfer superstructure loads to the underlying soil and ensure structural stability. Besides supporting vertical loads, bridge foundations must also withstand lateral forces, including loads generated by barge collisions. Consequently, assessing the lateral performance of bored pile foundations under barge impact is essential for maintaining bridge safety and serviceability. This study investigates the lateral capacity of bored pile foundations subjected to barge impact loads at different vessel velocities using the Broms method. Two bored pile types were analyzed: P18 with a diameter of 1.0 m and P41 with a diameter of 1.5 m. The evaluation covered ultimate lateral capacity, allowable lateral capacity, and pile deflection, compared with barge impact loads corresponding to vessel velocities of 2, 3, 4, and 5 m/s. The results show that pile P18 achieved an ultimate lateral capacity of 3,148.565 kN, an allowable lateral capacity of 1,049.521 kN, and a deflection of 3.6445 mm. In contrast, pile P41 provided an ultimate lateral capacity of 9,933.645 kN, an allowable lateral capacity of 3,311.215 kN, and a deflection of 10.8093 mm. Both foundations met safety requirements under impact velocities ranging from 2 to 4 m/s. However, at a velocity of 5 m/s, the 1.0 m diameter pile was unable to safely resist impact loads acting parallel to the navigation channel, whereas the 1.5 m diameter pile remained adequate under all loading scenarios. These findings indicate that larger pile diameters improve lateral resistance and performance against barge impact forces.