Evaluasi sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif dan pasif pada gedung Dr. Soekiman Wirjosandjojo

Fire safety is a fundamental requirement in educational buildings, where intensive daily activities and continuous use of electrical equipment increase the likelihood and consequences of fire incidents. This study examines the existing fire protection conditions of the Dr. Soekiman Wirjosandjojo Building at Universitas Islam Indonesia, a four-storey facility housing three faculties and various academic and administrative spaces. The evaluation integrates field observations with the Risk Index Method developed by Brzezińska and Bryant to obtain a quantitative assessment of the building’s protective capacity. Data were collected on the availability, functionality, and maintenance of active and passive fire protection systems, including extinguishers, hydrants, fire pumps, smoke detectors, and evacuation routes. Each component was scored as Actual Fire Strategy Elements (Ei) and weighted according to the B2 (school) building profile. The analysis produced a Protective Measures (PM) value of 167.0, indicating a moderate level of preparedness. High scores were observed in source control and equipment maintenance, while low values were identified in the suppression and smoke control categories due to the absence of sprinklers and inadequate passive protection along escape routes. The Fire Hazard Index (FHI) was calculated at 0.904, suggesting that the building’s protection level is acceptable but close to the minimum threshold. The Fire Risk Index (FRI), with a value of 0.0127, reflects a relatively low annual fire probability for educational buildings. Overall, the findings highlight the need to strengthen early suppression capabilities and improve passive fire protection to enhance occupant safety and the building’s resilience against potential fire emergencies.