Rancang Bangun Mesin Daur Ulang Limbah Botol Plastik menjadi Filamen dengan Metode Pultrusi

This study discusses the design and development of a pultrusion machine for recycling polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottle waste into 3D printer filament. The machine is equipped with a motor-driven filament winder and a nozzle heater with a maximum adjustable temperature of 120°C. Initially, plastic bottles are transformed into long strips, heated, and drawn through a heated nozzle to form filament. The aim of this research is to examine the effects of nozzle temperature and winding speed on filament diameter and quality. Based on the literature, a nozzle temperature of 220°C and a speed of 30 rpm were established as initial parameters; however, there is potential to optimize these parameters to prevent material degradation or overly liquid filament. The results indicate that the pultrusion machine can produce filaments with a diameter of 1.75–2 mm, suitable for 3D printing. The optimal parameters were found at a temperature of 120°C and a speed of 30 rpm, resulting in consistent filament diameters (1.86–1.88 mm) and good quality without defects. This study demonstrates that the design and development of a pultrusion machine offer an alternative for recycling plastic bottles into environmentally friendly materials with great potential as 3D printer filaments.